What is the PUN and what is it for

A short guide to understand how the PUN affects energy costs

What is the PUN

The PUN (Italian acronym for Prezzo Unico Nazionale, "National Single Price") is the wholesale reference price of electricity purchased on the Borsa Elettrica Italiana market (IPEX - Italian Power Exchange). At the Italian Power Exchange, active since 2007 following the entry into force of the Legislative Decree governing the liberalization of the electricity market, the transactions between producers and suppliers of electricity are regulated. The PUN therefore represents the national weighted average of the zonal sales prices of electricity for each hour and for each day. The national figure is an amount that is calculated on the average of various factors, and which takes into account the quantities and prices formed in the different areas of Italy and at different times of the day.

Where you can find the PUN value

Knowing the value of the PUN is easy, just access the site of the Energy Market Manager (GME) in the "sintesi mensile" section to find the summary data. After accepting the General Conditions and the content of GME's website, you will have the opportunity to consult the documentation in the "monthly summary" section. By selecting the month of interest you will be able to check the peak and off peak energy PUN.

What is the PUN value

The PUN value index is published on the Energy Markets Manager website. The table below shows the average values ​​of the PUN index in the last 6 months, differentiated by single-hour rate and hourly peaks, as shown below:

  • F1 Peak: from 8.00 am to 7.00 pm from Monday to Friday, excluding national holidays
  • F2 Peak: from 7.00 am to 8.00 pm and from 7.00 am to 11.00 pm from Monday to Friday, Saturday from 07.00 am to 11.00 pm, excluding national holidays
  • F3 Peak: from 11.00 pm to 7.00 am from Monday to Saturday, Sunday and national holidays
Month Single-hour price (€/kWh) F1 (€/kWh)
 F2 (€/kWh)
 F3 (€/kWh)
December 2022 0,29491 0,36073 0,30996 0,24494
November 2022 0,224 0,272 0,240 0,181
October 2022 0,211 0,235 0,242 0,177
September 2022 0,430 0,460
 0,471 0,382
August 2022 0,543 0,553 0,602 0,503
July 2022 0,442 0,495
 0,473 0,386
June 2022 0,271 0,297 0,293 0,241
May 2022 0,230 0,237 0,253 0,212

How the PUN affects the price of energy

The wholesale price of electricity is established directly on the market based on the trades between the various players involved, i.e. between producers and energy suppliers (who purchase the energy from producers to supply to their end customers). The fluctuations of the PUN are a determining factor in calculating the final costs of energy in the bill. In fact, in the periods in which the PUN increases its value, costs tend to rise, to fall instead when the value of the PUN falls. Energy suppliers generally provide for tariffs for the final consumer at a fixed cost or at an indexed cost as regards the price of the energy component. Opting for an indexed price of the energy component means that this will vary over time depending on the performance of the PUN on the Italian Power Exchange. An offer at a fixed price of the energy component, on the other hand, will remain unchanged for a certain period of time depending on the offer chosen, generally for one or two years.

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