Charging your electric car with solar Energy is an efficient and Sustainable choice, made even easier by the integration between the charging point and the Photovoltaic system. In this way, the Renewable energies produced by your photovoltaic system can be used directly by the charging point to recharge the vehicle!
This configuration allows you to use clean Energy for your daily home and business charging, reducing polluting emissions linked to electricity production. It also enhances self-consumption and Energy independence, limiting dependence on the electricity grid and on fluctuations in Energy prices on the market.
The charging point is connected to the home or business electrical system, the same one to which the Photovoltaic system is connected.
In a home, there is usually a single charging station connected to the domestic electrical system, where a photovoltaic system with possible storage (PV + BESS) can also be installed. After connecting the charging point, if the station includes a measurement system (meter), it will be sufficient to connect it at the point of connection (POD) level, in order to measure the overall flows. In this way, the charging station (or an Energy Management system) can know how much the household loads consume and how much Energy the Photovoltaic system produces, adjusting the charging power accordingly.
In a business use case, on the other hand, there may be multiple stations connected to the same supply point: in addition to the charging points, a monitoring system will therefore be required to be installed at the point of connection (POD) level, and charging management will be entrusted to an EMS, which will read consumption/production data and, in the case of solar surplus, allocate power to the different charging stations connected to the company network.
An inverter therefore transforms the direct current (DC) generated by the photovoltaic system into alternating current (AC), compatible with the home system and with most electric cars.
The energy produced by the photovoltaic panels flows into the home electrical system and can directly power the charging station, allowing the car to be charged with self-produced clean energy and reducing the withdrawal from the electrical grid. If production is not sufficient, charging can be supplemented by the grid (or by storage, if present).
How to make the system more efficient
To make the system even more efficient and ensure the availability of Energy even when there is no sun, it is possible to equip the photovoltaic system with energy storage systems (Battery Energy Storage System). These are batteries in which the excess Energy produced by the solar panels during the day is stored, so that it can be used at a later time.
Thanks to Energy Management Systems (EMS), smart platforms that monitor and regulate energy flows in real time both at home and in your business, it is possible to optimize the energy flow between photovoltaic, storage, charging station and the electrical grid. The EMS, in fact, can decide in real time whether to use direct photovoltaic Energy, draw Energy from the batteries or from the grid, optimizing self-consumption and minimizing costs.
Before integrating the photovoltaic system with the charging station, it is important that both systems comply with regulations. The selected charging stations must support solar charging (therefore charging from photovoltaic surplus) and the system must be able to modulate charging based on the available surplus. It is also necessary to assess the contracted power in case an increase in meter capacity is required based on consumption. Let us therefore examine in detail the types of charging stations available:
Single-phase charging stations: they are suitable for small residential systems, with moderate charging power (generally up to 7.4 kW);
Three-phase charging stations: designed for higher-power systems (up to 22 kW), they have faster charging times and are ideal when photovoltaic is combined with large-capacity storage systems or with multiple electric vehicles, especially at business level;
Bidirectional charging stations (V2H and V2G): they do not only charge the car, but also allow energy to be fed back from the car battery to the home network (Vehicle-to-Home, V2H) or even to the national electrical grid (Vehicle-to-Grid, V2G). However, this technology is still limited to a few car models and specific charging stations.
Did you know?
The most advanced home charging stations, such as the Waybox by Enel, are compatible with any solar system and you can choose to charge your car only with the Energy produced by your photovoltaic system.
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